Friday, August 21, 2020
An ageing population problem
A maturing populace issue A maturing populace issue is the point at which a nation has a high level of old age individuals. There is no uncertainty that the maturing populace is turning out to be not kidding issue in human lives, and the number of inhabitants on the planet is getting more seasoned and this is one of the most noteworthy segment occasions on the planet today. This is caused as a result of progressively basic clinical offices, which can gracefully for wiped out or harmed individuals faster, and, on account of advances in present day innovation and logical research, medications for diseases have been found. This implies individuals are more conceivable to live longer than they would have done previously. The United Nations found that the positions of multi year olds and more established are developing 1.9% per year, which is 60% quicker than the general total populace. They anticipated that continuously 2050, there might be four individuals age 15-65 around the world. At present the proportion in year 2000 is nine to one. These demonstrate that the old will dwarf the kids (BusinessWeek 2005). Additionally, information about great produces individuals more advantageous. Close to twenty to thirty years back, the most important thing was simply to eat. They couldn't have cared less about nourishment. In any case, presently, a greater part of individuals want sound food.As an outcome, information about nourishment and wellbeing make individuals live more. This article will talk about by what means can the administration take care of these issues, and what issues may governments face with a maturing populace. The maturing of populace happens on the grounds that the quantities of birth rates have won't, or are declining in all over the place and furthermore on the grounds that more seasoned age individuals are getting by to appreciate longer lives. These days, current people groups instructive level is high. Along these lines, a great many people are progressively instructed about the nourishments they eat and about wellbeing in like manner. The greater part of the present individuals think ââ¬Å"Health is the most important.â⬠, and I concur with them. Thus, physical wellness has formed into enormous business everywhere throughout the world. In the first part of the day, numerous individuals work out. For instance, running, moving, etc. A few people go to the wellness, wellbeing and Yoga club to control their wellbeing. A period exercise can stay away from light or risky infections. In more extravagant nations, their introduction to the world and passing rates began to decrease in the nineteenth century or past. It prompts impacts and issues which will appear in beneath. There is principle impact of populace maturing. The primary impact is more slow financial development. At the point when a huge piece of the populace begins to move from pre-retirement to the post-retirement age gathering, the impact is that it hindered the development of the working age populace. This implies there will be lower development in per capita earnings and lower development in the absolute economy. It is accepted that the consequences of working will be lower than before when youthful age are working. Then again, as indicated by the OECD, ââ¬Ëolder laborers are more exorbitant than more youthful specialists, in view of higher installment, incidental advantages and social installments. Be that as it may, a few organizations don't see this situation.ãââ As the preparation installments for the more youthful specialists will be unquestionably progressively costly, organizations are better of simply keeping the more youthful laborer. The accompanying condition, give by (Gemma, T, 2005) appears in the least difficult terms the relationship that must hold between the quantities of retired people and laborers and their earnings: twLà ¢Ã ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã °Ã ¡bR L is the quantity of laborers and R is the quantity of resigned individuals. w is the salary of every specialist and b is the pay of each resigned individual, while t is the extent of laborers salaries moved to beneficiaries. As the populace ages, the proportion of non-laborers to laborers (R/L) increments (accepting that retirement ages don't change adequately to counterbalance the ascent in future). In 2004, there were around 4 working age people (matured 20-64) for each 1 individual matured 65 and over. By 2056 this proportion is anticipated to tumble to about 2:1. The consequence of this is one (or a mix) of the accompanying must happen: 1. The wages of resigned individuals should fall comparative with those of working age individuals (b/w falls), 2. The extent of laborers wages moved to retired people (t) should rise, 3. Individuals should resign later. This expands the quantity of laborers and diminishes the quantity of resigned individuals (Gemma, T, 2005). As can be found in this article, if the period of retirement is increasing, the quantities of laborers are expanding and quantities of resigned individuals are diminishing. Another arrangement is that utilize individuals who remote laborers. These days, it is hard to move to rich nation for them who live in neediness nations. In the event that the administration makes it simpler than previously, it won't be occur. As per David in this article, there are three of arrangements. Make individuals work more. European nations should rise the retirement age and draw more individuals, particularly ladies, into the work power. This will require considerably more adaptable work markets. Allow in more outsiders. In any case, this is just piece of the appropriate response. If Germany somehow managed to depend on settlers to keep its proportion of laborers to retired people consistent, its populace would comprise of 80 percent outsiders by 2050. Have more infants. This doesn't mean customary jobs for ladies. Italy, where hardly any ladies work, has on of the most minimal birth rates on the planet. Woman's rights is the new natalism. (David, M,2003) It tends to be seen that it prompts numerous issues, there are three primary issues. The one of issue is social insurance. It is generally accepted that the older individuals is expanding these days, notwithstanding, there is no enough spot to help them to keep their great state of wellbeing. Great wellbeing is about something other than physical prosperity. Its about people groups bliss and mental prosperity as well. In any case, for instance, in Korea, a great deal of older individuals need to think about themselves even they can get a cash from the administration, since that cash isn't sufficient to live. What's more, they don't have chances to work to win cash. As I would like to think, more established individuals ought to have palatable money related security to proceed with their personal satisfaction and prosperity. Individuals are living longer, and bit by bit more interest nursing care, prescription and the executives as their wellbeing deteriorate. Medical caretakers working with more established individuals need to relate the more seasoned patient has had a lifetime of managing stressors and in doing so have built up a scope of ways of dealing with stress which incorporate intellectual, social and passionate reactions and strategies (Morris, V, 2007). Along these lines, the legislature ought to think about that improved money related making arrangements for more seasoned age, expanding more seasoned people groups salaries and lessening costs for more established individuals. Huge numbers of the activities important to manage these needs are focal government duties. Be that as it may, the significance of these issues is perceived inside the county.ãââ Aging might be joined by falling apart wellbeing, a declining personal satisfaction and expanded requests on the wellbeing administrations (Department of Health, 2005). A few people contend that burning through cash on the older is a misuse of cash; it is smarter to spend on the youthful who can at present add to society, in any case, we should initially take a gander at the way that the old were previously the youthful and were adding to our general public. Without their exertion our created society, which we prevail in, might not have been accomplished. The spending, on the older, could subsequently be viewed as the least we could accomplish for all the benefits they worked for to provide for us. In any case, there is the opposite side of the coin. If we somehow managed to burn through cash on the youthful, it would potentially have benefits for our general public later on. For instance, if we somehow happened to burn through cash on training we could attempt to ensure that the youthful would form into profoundly talented specialists, ready to contend in the worldwide economy. The old, as we as of now perceive, can't add to society and we could state that further going through is a misuse of cash, when there are such a significant number of more advantages when spending it on the youthful. We could in this way state the time has gone for the old. Older individuals can manhandle or disregard themselves by not thinking about their very own wellbeing and prosperity. Senior self-disregard can prompt disease, injury or even passing. Basic needs that the older individual may deny themselves or disregard are the accompanying: Food (nourishment or water) Tidiness (washing and individual cleanliness) Satisfactory attire for atmosphere security Legitimate sanctuary Satisfactory wellbeing Spotless and sound environmental factors Clinical consideration for genuine disease Basic drugs (The Economist, 2004). Numerous nations as of now have involved strides toward building up their mature age social protection programs which can help them who old individuals. As I would see it, each nation ought to have those projects; it achieves older individuals feel more comfortable.ãââ Another issue that the associations face is the loss of information coming about because of more seasoned specialists leaving the association without giving their insight to other people. As more prominent quantities of ââ¬Å"knowledge workersâ⬠resign, they take with them understanding about overseeing key client connections, dealing with special cases to basic procedures and a large group of different encounters that can cost associations noteworthy measures of time, vitality and assets to reproduce or supplant. This will make the association rehash their past missteps and open itself to extra budgetary and operational hazard. General Kofi Adnan, United Nation secretary, said that ââ¬Å"in Africa, it is said that when an elderly person bites the dust, a library disappearsâ⬠(BusinessWeek 2005). At long last, the administration may be face with maturing populace issues, in this manner, there are a few arrangements which the legislature ought to do. As this exposition referenced that period of retirement is increasing, more infants and let in more outsiders. Likewise, the administration should attempt to discover more arrangements. For instance, the Austra
Tuesday, May 26, 2020
Why Everybody Is Talking About Civil Rights Research Paper...The Simple Truth Revealed
Why Everybody Is Talking About Civil Rights Research Paper...The Simple Truth Revealed If you must use more resources than your necessary textbook, consider looking at well-known psychologists and present psychology studies. Many students have a tendency to think there is any brief cut to writing a research paper. All research papers have guidelines that you've got to follow. Psychology research papers don't have to be hard. Below are the three most important aspects to consider to be sure you select the ideal research paper topics. You're then requested to prove your thesis with good evidence to back this up. This evidence includes data you find during your research. Top Choices of Civil Rights Research Paper The notion of understanding the audience can be a difficult one particularly for beginner researchers. These are merely a couple of ideas that you may write about. The party did not permit any white to be a member, till they realized they needed the support of different minorities in the nation to support their stance. Although there was a lack of white nurses to look after the wounded, black nurses weren't encouraged to volunteer as a result of opposition of whites to obtain care from them. Just be certain that it is something which you require, not just something which you desire in the brief term. Writing about legal issues can resemble a challenging job, but nevertheless, it may grow to be much easier with appropriate preparation. Then you may begin to seek out the cases connected with that. To compose a really terrific paper you should begin with the search of the suitable topic and locating an appropriate case. Finding the Best Civil Rights Research Paper For a brief essay, you shouldn't involve over a decade. It's simple to feel intimidated by the idea of writing a screenplay. Even if a specific research paper topic is getting lots of buzz at this time or other folks seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic if you don't genuinely have some kind of interest in it also. For instance, you could hire somebody to do the research (by simply purchasing a paper) find the literature necessary for your topic and after that you could proceed with the writing. Besides the simple fact that you must focus the paper, you will also have to consider factors that will produce the essay more effective. Before you commence writing a single word of your paper, you first will need to understand what your thesis will be. When choosing a topic, you would first pick an overall topic and narrow it down to create a thesis following your preliminary research. Not all research paper topics are made equal, and you would like to be certain you select a fantastic topic before you commence writing. Follow it and be certain that the formatting and every facet of the paper is done following the style guide. There are an assortment of tactics to decide on a topic and a selection of methods to research them. On the opposite hand the later is so wide. There are lots of challenges in designing this kind of material. The Federal Reserve played a huge part in the Great Depression. The enormous effort to desegregate public schools across america was an impor tant intention of the Civil Rights Movement. These led to a lot of changes on the portion of the American government. Assess the method of life for the Native American. Start doing some research on those topics and you'll probably find a few other topics that are interesting to you. Also, in case there are areas for improvement, your instructor will be in a position to better advice you with the wisdom of topic's individual relevance. The vital information regarding your topic also needs to be included in your proposal. There's a lot of information out there on the Internet if you are feeling you cannot find information associated with your topic elsewhere. The Little-Known Secrets to Civil Rights Research Paper The greater part of Southerners could not afford a slave before the Civil War. As a growing number of women started to graduate from college, the matter of a woman's role in society started to surface in the mid-1800s. Blacks couldn't use exactly the same public fa cilities as whites, live in several of the very same towns or go to the exact same schools. Even if blacks and whites attend the exact schools, they frequently run into another type of segregation. Concentrate on the writing, utilize the guides as needed, but mainly revolve around the writing. Was still alive today, he'd think There are a lot more journaling prompts and journal topics on this website, and more coming soon! Otherwise, there are lots of style guides you may choose from. It is not important, it's the student's responsibility to get that style guide handy. Ruthless Civil Rights Research Paper Strategies Exploited Research writing is a process which necessitates organization, experience together with practice. If you're writing a paper on three of the vital milestones during the events of Pearl Harbor, then you're definitely going to need to reference some other essential points. Ever since our inception for a company, our only focus is to supply value to each cu stomer we deal with. With organizations including Youth Against. It is essential for those who view DNA testing as junk,'' to understand that DNA testing can and will indicate whether an individual is connected to another individual genetically, even if they're separated by many generations. Hotel rooms are definitely the most widespread bed bug carriers on account of the large number of people who go through there on a month-to-month basis. It isn't right for all instances, it's not intended to replace lineage research and documentation, but nevertheless, it can definitely offer you a whole lot of information regarding familial relationships, genetic diseases, and ethnicity, etc.. There were domestic and global problems to be managed. The main goal of the civil rights movement was supposed to make sure equal rights of the people who would be safeguarded by the law. There isn't any doubt that civil rights movement proved to be an excellent success and caused a substantial s hift of beliefs in society. Civil rights is an intriguing topic to speak about. They has always been one of those topics that elicits mixed reactions from all over the place.
Friday, May 15, 2020
Character Analysis Of Franny In Countdown - 1087 Words
In Countdown by Deborah Wiles, the character Franny is shown to be a very round character possessing many different traits. These traits include being observant, over dramatic, and self conscious. Now Franny is very observant as seen by her others doing something very small out of the ordinary and her noticing. So in short, others actions. When her sister Jo Ellen smiled at her brother Drew, she noticed that Jo Ellen smiled at him like she was his mother (73). No one ordinary takes a second glance at their siblingââ¬â¢s smile to note any abnormalities in such an average setting like the dinner table. For Franny to acknowledge that shows that she really pays attention to everything thus making her observant. Now others actions arenââ¬â¢t the onlyâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As Franny is observant, she is also over dramatic. Her emotions convey this beautifully on page 39 when she feels betrayed by Margie for going over the Galeââ¬â¢s house instead of hers. Franny and Gale d onââ¬â¢t have anything against each other yet so Margie was just visiting another friend. Franny is being overdramatic even though the two live in a close proximity and are best friends so it isnââ¬â¢t like they never see each other. With these emotions of betrayal, Franny is not mentally allowing Margie to have many close friendships with any other classmates and is getting in the way of her own friendship. While Frannyââ¬â¢s emotions can show a great deal about her being over dramatic, her words can as well.After Uncle Otts episode, Franny claims she is ââ¬Å"embarrassed for life.â⬠(49). Franny believes that everyone who knows her and her family are going to gossip about the episode at the dinner table and it will reflect badly on her. Franny doesnââ¬â¢t realize that Uncle Otts breakdown doesnââ¬â¢t reflect badly on her but only Otts since she wasnââ¬â¢t the one having the episode and was only a bystander. She even hid herself from the public so they could nââ¬â¢t see her at all since she was hiding from Otts. Now words are just spoken thoughts and the final instance of Franny being over dramatic is seen through her thoughts. On page 109, Franny thinks the reason Mrs. Rââ¬â¢s explanation of the science fair project doesnââ¬â¢t make sense is because Mrs. R hates her. Franny is taking this way too
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
A Study On Metabolism Unfolded - 1733 Words
Metabolism unfolded Damian Sowa Institutional Affiliation(s) Integrity Disclaimer I certify that the work presented here is my own. I have cited sources appropriately, have paraphrased correctly, and have written the work myself. I have not shared my work with other students currently enrolled in any other courses at Greenville Technical College or papers previously written for any Biology course. Bio 101-B01 April 5, 2017 Name section date Abstract Metabolism includes all activities by which cells acquire and use energy as they build, break down of remodel organic molecules. The research done in the articles were on how metabolic syndromes affect the studied groups. The groups are studied over a period of time andâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦This study used 14 obese subjects, MRI determination of subcutaneous fat and plasma glucose, insulin. The results of that study was a significant correlation was observed between the amount of subcutaneous fat loss and the percentage reduction in both TNF-a, and IL-6 plasma levels (Formoso et al., 2012, p. xx). Metabolism unfolded We take a lot of consideration in the calories that we intake and how different types of food affect us. Some people use exercise as a way to combat the effect of caloric intake, while some people fast, what these people are trying to do is change how their bodies metabolism functions. What these three completely different experiments have in come is trying to find a solution of how people can eat and exercise for that metabolism to generate that body and keep it healthy while changing something like diet. Metabolism Defined Metabolism is all of the enzyme-mediated chemical reactions by which cells build and break down organic molecules; the body has metabolic pathways which are series of enzyme-mediated reactions by which cells build, remodel, or break down organic molecules. While some metabolic pathways are linear, which means that it goes in order from reactant to product. While other metabolic pathway reactions are cyclic, in cyclic normally the first requires the last step to precede it. Both pathways are common in cells, both involve thousands of molecules and are quite complex.Show MoreRelatedFactors That Affect The Cell Of Mitochondrial Proteins And Enzymes Of Electron Transport Chain2163 Words à |à 9 Pagesresponse to stress. 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After much research and study no known cause has yet been determined and experts have hypothesized that it is a mix of inherited and environmental factors (Medscape, 2015). However, regardless of the unspecific cause, it is characterized by a significant loss in dopamine transportation to the basal ganglia which manifests itself in the three following physiologic signs: restingRead MoreMarshall Warren Nirenberg And Minerva B ykowsky Nirenberg1508 Words à |à 7 Pagesdegree in Zoology in 1952, with his dissertation for his Master s thesis on an ecological and taxonomic study of Trichoptera, or caddis flies. He then developed an interest for biochemistry during this time and went to the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor to finish his education. Nirenberg received his Doctor of Philosophy from the Department of Biological Chemistry with his thesis on a study of a permease for hexose transport in ascites tumor cells. Then, he was given a two-year postdoctoral fellowshipRead MoreHow Does Diabetes Mellitus Affect The Individual s Morbidity And Mortality3894 Words à |à 16 PagesMetabolism is a sequence of biochemical reactions that take place in every single cell and organ to maintain the organism growth, reproduction, damage repair, and adaptation to the surrounding environment. These reactions involve catabolism and anabolism using the major sources of energy: proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Furt hermore, any disruption in the regulation of the metabolic processes affects the individualââ¬â¢s morbidity and mortality [1]. Accordingly, in this chapter, we are going to discussRead MoreProtein Disorder And Its Clinical Importance Essay4117 Words à |à 17 PagesCvt pathway is considered to be a selective type of autophagy. The Cvt pathway is the best characterized type of selective autophagy and therefore stands as a model for how specific cargos are delivered to the vacuole by the autophagy machinery. The study of selective autophagy should provide important information for future research related to human diseases. Autophagy is a highly conserved, ubiquitous process. Autophagy is generally considered to be nonselective; however, there are selective typesRead MoreCell Biology Final Essay30093 Words à |à 121 PagesName: _Leroy Johnson __________________________________ Date: ______________Comprehensive Study Guide. Test will only be Multiple choice 1. The feature that most clearly separates eukaryotes from prokaryotes is the presence of _______ in eukaryotic cells. A) ribosomes B) oxidative phosphorylation C) DNA molecules -D) a nucleus 2. Cytoplasmic organelles are - A) absent in prokaryotic cells; present in eukaryotic cells. B) present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cellsRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words à |à 89 Pagesassessments are often based on both feelings and reason and that one or the other becomes more prominent depending on the context. They argue that feelings play a central role in consumer decision making and merit serious investigation, which, for this study, means that intertwining mind and body is crucial for creating an unforgettable consumer experience. The effort afoot to restore embodied realism to social scientiï ¬ c inquiry (Johnson 1999; Lakoff and Johnson 1999) has generated some of the most excitingRead MoreArchaeology Notes19985 Words à |à 80 Pagesa thickened bony ridge on the back of the parietal Biostratigraphy the use of biological organisms found in rocks to correlate ages between sites. Bipedalism refers to locomotion e.g., walking, jogging, running, etc., on two legs. Geology, is the study of the earth, which allows us to understand the preservation, age, and environment in which fossils are found. Gracile means slender. Most of them were relatively small, slender, and delicate boned Lithostratigraphy the use of characteristics of the
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Causes of pearl harbor Essay Example For Students
Causes of pearl harbor Essay At the time that the pact was signed, it was in both Germanys and the USSRs interest not to get involved in a war with one another. For Germany with its plans of European domination, a war on the Eastern (USSR) and Western fronts at the same time would break the effectiveness of the German Wehrmacht, whilst for the USSR war was not feasible because of the state of unpreparedness that both the Russian economy and military was in after the purges. In Russias case, the pact was even more attractive seeing that it gained territorial expansion as well, because of the secret clause that was included in the pact. On top of this its economy gained by trade agreements that they entered into with Germany. The pact was not seen as a symbol of an alliance or friendship of any sorts between Germany and Russia, the two countries stood diametrically opposed to one another on some political and ideological issues, on the contrary, Hitlers open hatred towards Russian peoples was common knowledge, and the fact that he was going to invade the USSR at some time or another was also an established fact. Leland Stanford and his associates were building the western section of the Trans- Continental railroad across the United States. They employed Chinese laborers because they were cheaper and more efficient then European laborers. After the railroad was complete the Chinese sought work in the American labor market. American workers began to oppose this new labor force, the Government responded by passing the Chinese Exclusion Acts, forcing most of the Chinese to return to China. The Japanese were also included in the act, most of the Japanese that came to the United States worked in the fields in Hawaii. This angered the farmers of American, because the Japanese were more skillful. (Hoyt 37) The Japanese had been coming to America at a steady rate of roughly a thousand per year. After the annexation of Hawaii, the Japanese appeared in record numbers of twelve thousand per year. This resulted in a panic for San Francisco. The mayor quarantined a section of the city just for the oriental immigrants. The Japanese became offended and protested, but the San Francisco Labor Council began to issue laws similar to the Chinese Exclusion acts. The Japanese Government responded by stoping the issuing of passports to contract laborers going to America even if the American employers wanted them and promised employment. (Hoyt 37) The American Federation of Labor struggled to pass Anti- Japanese laws. The press had a field day with the headlines causing the country to become racist against the Japanese. The headlines were not only insulting but also untrue. Finally President Roosevelt intervened and put an end to segregation in exchange for the Gentlemans Agreement, the United States government agreed to limit immigration into the United States. (Prange 443) One of the major outcomes of the Russo- Japanese War was the development of animosity between Japan and the United States. The Japanese, having won the war expected to share a pleasant victory. They expected money to built battleships and tanks. President Theodore Roosevelt graciously offered the use of Americas offices to secure peace between Russia and Japan. America acted as a referee to the two countries as the met in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. The Russians and Japanese settled all territorial expansions but when it came to the money the Russians refused. The Americans supported the Russians decision. In the final agreement between the Japanese and the Russians no money was exchanged. The Japanese public was outraged by the outcome, turning the military victory into a political defeat. A Tokyo newspaper read, The number one enemy to Japan was the United States. (Spector 37) Portsmouth brought an end to the Russo- Japanese War but it only worsened the hatred from Japan against the United States. (Spector 37) The Japanese felt that the Americans were too involved in Pacific Affairs, they had to consolidate their territorial gains through secret agreements signed will all powers but the United States. However the Japanese did try to come to a similar agreement with the Americans, but failed. This failure was a result of the Open Door Policy. Hippie culture Essay American businessman insisted on keeping trade options open with China. Ironically the Japanese were Chinas bankers. (Hoyt 46) During the Paris Peace Conference of 1920, the Japanese sought to gain racial equality among the other nations of the world. Japan had high aspirations to build even more of an empire. The other topic that was up for discussion at the Peace Conference was the joining of the League of Nations. The Japanese agreed to participate, it was a matter of honor that they did, they were on an .
Wednesday, April 15, 2020
Overview of the Annual Report and Form 10k and the Balance Sheet free essay sample
I should be able to understand your answer and see what the numerical support is without looking at your tables. For all problem sets, please show tables and calculations with each answer (unsupported answers will be marked wrong), not in separate tables. I should be able to look at your tables or calculations and see what the answer should be without actually reading it. And I should be able to read and understand your interpretation of a table without having to look at it. Clearly show and label any and all calculations. Your output should look professional. 1. Corporate Message: What does Coca Colaââ¬â¢s 2012 Annual Review tell you about the message the company wants to convey to its readers? Point out examples to support your discussion. 2. Describe the three types of Coca Colaââ¬â¢s bottling relationships. Name the significant companies that are accounted for by the equity method. Does Coca Cola have a controlling interest in these companies? Explain and demonstrate why or why not? What would the companyââ¬â¢s balance sheet look like if Coke were to account for its publicly traded equity method investments at fair value rather than using the equity method? . We will write a custom essay sample on Overview of the Annual Report and Form 10k and the Balance Sheet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Except for Property, plant, and equipment, what was Coca Colaââ¬â¢s largest single asset (not asset category) at 12/31/2012? How does it compare to 2011? Why do you think it increased? What was its relative impact on the change in total assets? Which component of Coca Colaââ¬â¢s balance sheet is the primary factor causing the companyââ¬â¢s change in total assets from December 31, 2011 to December 31, 2012? How much did this factor change by relative to (i. e. , as a percentage of) the change in total assets? 4. Income Tax: Is Coca Colaââ¬â¢s effective (i. e. , average) tax rate more or less than the U. S. federal (ââ¬Å"statutoryâ⬠) rate? What is the primary reason(s) that it was more/less in 2012? 5. Look at Cokeââ¬â¢s 10K. For 2012, is the amount of dividends declared equal to the amount of dividends paid? What are these amounts? Where did you find them? Did dividends declared increase, decrease, or remain the same ââ¬â per share and in total, compared to 2011? 6. Prepare a 2011 and 2012 common size balance sheet for Coke. Comment on differences between the two. A common size balance sheet is one for which each item in the balance sheet is divided by total assets. Download Pepsiââ¬â¢s 2012 10-K from Pepsico. com 7. Using the information in Pepsiââ¬â¢s 2012 10-K, calculate the companyââ¬â¢s a. Total market value for 2012 and 2011. b. Book value to common shareholders for 2012 and 2011 (Hint: Pepsi does not have dividends in arrears on their preferred shares. Use Pepsiââ¬â¢s call price located in the footnotes for the preferred stock claim. Just subtract the total preferred stock call price amount from total stockholdersââ¬â¢ equity. c. Market to book value ratios for 2012 and 2011. d. How do the above ratios for Pepsi compare to those of Coca Cola for the same two years? How do you interpret any differences? 8. Make a common size balance sheet for Pepsi for 2012 (round your percentages to 1 decimal place ââ¬â i. e. , the same as 0. xxx ) Examine the two companiesââ¬â¢ common size balance sheets. What do you notice about a. Cash and cash equivalents b. Net receivables c. Current liabilities d. Long term debt What do you think any significant differences between these ratios might mean? Do you notice any other significant differences between Coke and Pepsi? 9. Working capital: Working capital equals total current assets minus total current liabilities. How much working capital does Pepsi have at 12/31/2012 and 12/31/2011? How much working capital does Coca Cola have at 12/31/2012 and 12/31/2011? Can you directly compare the two companiesââ¬â¢ working capital? Why or why not? If not, how could you make them comparable? Are the two companies experiencing similar changes in working capital?
Thursday, March 12, 2020
Understanding Mayan Human Sacrifice
Understanding Mayan Human Sacrifice Why did the Maya perform human sacrifices? That the Mayan people practiced human sacrifice is not in doubt, but providing motives is part speculation. The word sacrifice is from the Latin and it is associated with the word sacred- human sacrifices, like many other rituals in the Maya and other civilizations, were part of a sacred ritual, an act of appeasing or paying homage to the gods. Grappling With the World Like all human societies, the Maya grappled with uncertainty in the world, erratic weather patterns which brought drought and storms, the anger and violence of enemies, the occurrence of disease, and the inevitability of death. Their pantheon of gods provided some perceived control over their world, but they needed to communicate with those gods and to perform deeds showing that they were worthy of good luck and good weather. The Maya performed human sacrifices during particular societal events. Human sacrifices were conducted at specific festivals in their annual calendar, at times of crisis, at dedications of buildings, at the ends or beginnings of warfare, at the accession to the throne of a new ruler, and at the time of that rulers death. Sacrifices at each of these events likely had different meanings to the people who conducted the sacrifices. Valuing Life The Maya valued life highly, and according to their religion, there was an afterlife so human sacrifice of people they cared for- such as children- was not perceived as murder but rather placing that individuals life into the hands of the deities. Even so, the highest cost to an individual was to lose their children thus child sacrifice was a truly holy act, conducted at times of crisis or times of new beginnings. At times of war and at rulers accessions, human sacrifices may have had a political meaning in that the ruler was indicating his ability to control others. Scholars have suggested that public sacrifice of captives was to display that ability and to reassure the people that he was doing everything he could to stay in communication with the gods. However, Inomata (2016) has suggested that the Maya may never have evaluated or discussed the legitimacy of a ruler: sacrifice was simply an expected part of the accession. Other Sacrifices Maya priests and rulers also made personal sacrifice, using obsidian knives, stingray spines, and knotted cords to draw blood from their own bodies as offerings to gods. If a ruler lost a battle, he himself was tortured and sacrificed. Luxury goods and other items were placed in sacred locations such as the Great Cenote at Chichen Itza and in rulers burials along with the human sacrifices. When people in modern societies try to come up with the purpose of human sacrifice in the past, we are prone to put our own concepts about how people think about themselves as individuals and members of society, how authority is established in our world, and how much control we believe our gods have over the world. It makes it difficult if not impossible to parse out what the reality might have been for the Maya, but no less fascinating for us to learn about ourselves in the process. Sources: Ardren T. 2011. Empowered Children in Classic Maya Sacrificial Rites. Childhood in the Past 4(1):133-145.Inomata T. 2016. Theories of Power and Legitimacy in Archaeological Contexts: The Emergent Regime of Power at the Formative Maya Community of Ceibal, Guatemala. Political Strategies in Pre-Columbian Mesoamerica. Boulder: University Press of Colorado. p 37-60.Pà ©rez de Heredia Puente EJ. 2008. Chen Kââ¬â¢u: The Ceramic of the Sacred Cenote at Chichà ©n Itz. Tulane, Louisiana: Foundation for the Advancement of Mesoamerican Studies, Inc. (FAMSI).
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